Who is Most Vulnerable to Social Rejection? The Toxic Combination of Low Self-Esteem and Lack of Negative Emotion Differentiation on Neural Responses to Rejection

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dc.contributor.authorKashdan, Todd B.
dc.contributor.authorDeWall, C. Nathan
dc.contributor.authorMasten, Carrie L.
dc.contributor.authorPond, Richard S., Jr.
dc.contributor.authorPowell, Caitlin
dc.contributor.authorCombs, David
dc.contributor.authorSchurtz, David R.
dc.contributor.authorFarmer, Antonina S.
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-15T15:24:37Z
dc.date.available2015-10-15T15:24:37Z
dc.date.issued2014-03-04
dc.description.abstractPeople have a fundamental need to belong that, when satisfied, is associated with mental and physical well-being. The current investigation examined what happens when the need to belong is thwarted—and how individual differences in self-esteem and emotion differentiation modulate neural responses to social rejection. We hypothesized that low self-esteem would predict heightened activation in distress-related neural responses during a social rejection manipulation, but that this relationship would be moderated by negative emotion differentiation—defined as adeptness at using discrete negative emotion categories to capture one's felt experience. Combining daily diary and neuroimaging methodologies, the current study showed that low self-esteem and low negative emotion differentiation represented a toxic combination that was associated with stronger activation during social rejection (versus social inclusion) in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula—two regions previously shown to index social distress. In contrast, individuals with greater negative emotion differentiation did not show stronger activation in these regions, regardless of their level of self-esteem; fitting with prior evidence that negative emotion differentiation confers equanimity in emotionally upsetting situations.
dc.description.sponsorshipPublication of this article was funded in part by the George Mason University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund.
dc.identifier.citationKashdan TB, DeWall CN, Masten CL, Pond RS Jr, Powell C, Combs D, et al. (2014) Who Is Most Vulnerable to Social Rejection? The Toxic Combination of Low Self-Esteem and Lack of Negative Emotion Differentiation on Neural Responses to Rejection. PLoS ONE 9(3): e90651. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090651
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090651
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1920/9949
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science
dc.rightsAttribution 3.0 United States
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
dc.subjectEmotions
dc.subjectGames
dc.subjectNeuroimaging
dc.subjectInterpersonal relationships
dc.subjectBehavior
dc.subjectPsychological stress
dc.subjectData acquisition
dc.subjectSocial research
dc.titleWho is Most Vulnerable to Social Rejection? The Toxic Combination of Low Self-Esteem and Lack of Negative Emotion Differentiation on Neural Responses to Rejection
dc.typeArticle

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