Department of History and Art History
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Item A Cross-Channel Marriage in Limbo: Alexandre d’Arblay, Frances Burney, and the Risks of Revolutionary Migration(Consortium on the Revolutionary Era, 1750-1850, 2020) Summers, KellyItem A Gospel of Health and Salvation: Modeling the Religious Culture of Seventh-day Adventism, 1843-1920Wieringa, Jeri; O’Malley, MichaelA Gospel of Health and Salvation is a work of digital history — defined as the critical application of computational technologies to the study of the past — focused on the relationship between time and gender in Seventh-day Adventism. In it I explore the puzzle of the denomination’s prophet and religious leader, Ellen White, and her varied and seemingly contradictory writings on the role of women in the denomination. One of a few women religious leaders in nineteenth-century America, White is difficult to place within the history of American religion. Rising to prominence at the end of the Second Great Awakening, White promoted a vision of gender and women’s participation in the work of salvation that fails to fit neatly into either histories of American feminism or histories of domesticity. Discussing White and her place in American religious history requires a different approach. Using computational text analysis to find broad patterns in the denomination’s periodical record, I highlight three cycles of end-times expectation that shaped the complex vision of gender articulated by White and other denomination leaders during the first seventy years of the denomination. These cycles enable me to bring together two theoretical frameworks often used to analyze the development of religious movements. Rather than a linear trajectory from religious sect to denomination, and concurrently from expansive understandings of gender to restrictive ones, the waves of end-times expectation opened space for alternative and expansive visions of gender at a number of points in the denomination’s early history. Additionally, I argue for the scholarliness of the computational work that grounds my historical analysis. Rather than neutral, the work of selecting the corpus, preparing the text for analysis, selecting modeling algorithms, visualizing the resulting model, and interpreting the results represents the first phase of interpretation and shapes the possibilities of the overall project. To make this multilayered argument, I created the dissertation as a website, rather than a traditional document. Hosted at http://dissertation.jeriwieringa.com, the web interface interweaves the technical, visual, and narrative aspects of the dissertation arguments. The site brings together a topic model of the denomination’s periodical literature, the code used to create and analyze the model, and four interpretive essays. Together these constitute the body of work that is A Gospel of Health and Salvation.Item A Human Being, and Not a Mere Social Factor: Catholic Strategies for Dealing with Sterilization Statutes in the 1920s(Cambridge University Press on behalf of the American Society of Church History, 2004-06) Leon, SharonThis article reviews the developing strategies of Catholic opposition to state laws for compulsory sterilization of so-called ‘feeble-minded’ residents of state institutions during the 1920s. In 1927 the Supreme Court, in its landmark decision Buck v. Bell, affirmed the constitutionality of such laws. This article traces the work of Catholic moral theologians, such as John A. Ryan, and representatives of various lay organizations in opposing such laws and educating Catholic laity on the natural law issues in the debate. In 1930 the National Catholic Welfare Conference published four pamphlets in a series entitled ‘Problems of Mental Deficiency’ that provided a full compliment of medical, legal, and moral objections to the laws. On 31 December 1930 Pope Pius XI in his encyclical ‘Casti Connubii’ provided an authoritative pronouncement on eugenics and sterilization that reaffirmed Catholic opposition to eugenics policy initiatives.Item A Queer Wall in the Head: Using Oral Histories to Map Gay Desire Across Cold War Germany(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2022-10) Huneke, Samuel ClowesThis article uses oral histories to examine divergences in how gay men from East and West Germany remembered the sexuality of their youths. Finding that East German men recalled their sexual exploits in far more detail than did West German men, the article argues that this divergence is the result of a complex interlacing of factors. Ultimately, the article contends that these factors reveal a queer wall in the head that continues to delimit how gay German men understand their actions, their pasts, and their identities.Item Age of Consent Law and the Making of Modern Childhood in New York City, 1886-1921(Oxford University Press, 2002) Robertson, StephenItem An Inspired Identity: The Importance of the Performing Arts in Community Building(2014-05-23) Fijalka, MichaelBuilding community through the performing arts seems to have been the main influence for the construction of the Reston Community Center at Hunters Woods, which was completed and opened in May, 1979, and included, in particular, a 275 square foot theater and rehearsal rooms. This suggests that the performing arts were an intentional key to building community in the still young town of Reston.Item Anne Rossignol, Madame Dumont, and Dr. John Schmidt Junior: Community and Accommodation in Charleston, South Carolina, 1790-1840(Consortium on the Revolutionary Era, 1750-1850, 2020) Krebsbach, SuzanneItem Beneath the Hardened Lava: Images of Nature and Revolutionary Violence in Germaine de Staël’s “Épître au malheur”(Consortium on the Revolutionary Era, 1750-1850, 2020) Caetano, Luiza DuarteItem "Born Out of Zhaka’s Spear": The Zulu Iklwa and Perceptions of Military Revolution in the Nineteenth Century(Consortium on the Revolutionary Era, 1750-1850, 2020) Ivey, JacobItem ”Boys, of course, cannot be raped”: Age, Homosexuality and the Redefinition of Sexual Violence in New York City, 1880-1955(Blackwell, 2006-08) Robertson, StephenItem Bridle the Horse, Rein in the Man: Free-Ranging Horse-Control Measures and Contests for Authority in the Seventeenth-Century Chesapeake(2021-05) Nubbe, AdamFrom the introduction: ...The man is Dr. Jay Kirkpatrick, and the gun he carries is loaded with an immunocontraceptive vaccine dart that will render the mare sterile for about a year. She lives on a wildlife refuge on Assateague Island and, as one of the Chesapeake’s feral horses, is part of a herd that has become a beloved cultural icon. To protect the refuge’s natural resources, without which the two herds that live on the island could not sustain themselves, the National Park Service and the Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company carefully manage Assateague’s horse population. They work to ensure that the herds remain large enough to be genetically viable but small enough so that they do not disrupt their island habitat. Their population- control efforts are designed to protect the horses, which might otherwise eat themselves out of a home.Item Brigands, Social Bandits, Freedom Fighters: The Portrayal of anti-Napoleonic Rebels in the Historiography of Napoleonic Italy(Consortium on the Revolutionary Era, 1750-1850, 2020) Harsanyi, Doina PascaItem Build, Analyse, and Generalise: Community Transcription of the Papers of the War Department and the Development of Scripto(Ashgate, 2014) Leon, SharonRRCHNM’s foray into community transcription with the Papers of the War Department, 1784-1800 and the development of Scripto offers some significant lessons for cultural heritage institutions and professionals who want to engage with their constituents in meaningful ways. Primarily, we gained a dedicated and engaged audience for PWD, and a tremendous insight into their motivations. Equally important, the development process for the generalized tool, and its role in the larger ecosystem of open-source software that enables widespread user participation in cultural heritage projects, points to viable directions for the development of subsequent tools. Together this case study of PWD and the story of the creation of Scripto suggest that a wide range of cultural heritage organizations can launch and sustain lightweight transcription projects that encourage increased engagement with core audiences.Item Choosing June: Did France’s Second Republic Intentionally Spark a Class War?(Consortium on the Revolutionary Era, 1750-1850, 2020) Ayling, LindsayItem Conquest Without War: U.S. Expansionism, the Age of Revolution, and the First Filibuster(Consortium on the Revolutionary Era, 1750-1850, 2020) Geserick, Marco CabreraItem Digital Project Files for A Gospel of Health and Salvation(http://dissertation.jeriwieringa.com/, 2019-08) Wieringa, JeriThis item contains archival snapshots of the different elements that constitute the digital dissertation project, A Gospel of Health and Salvation: Modeling the Religious Culture of Seventh-day Adventism, 1843-1920. The project was submitted to the Department of History and Art History, Summer 2019.Item Disorderly Houses: Residences, Privacy, and the Surveillance of Sexuality in 1920s Harlem(University of Texas Press, 2012-09) Robertson, Stephen; White, Shane; Garton, Stephen; White, GrahamItem Friendship and Sociability: A Reexamination of Benjamin Franklin’s Friendship with Madame Brillon de Jouy(Consortium on the Revolutionary Era, 2020) Pelletierre, KelsaItem From the Cold War to the Crypto War(2020) Shumate, NicholasAfter the Cold War came to a close, in the United States a new informational society emerged from the rubble. This society, based on open access to information, challenged decades old policies of closed information. Encryption and access to cryptographic systems played a huge role in this paradigm. Stemming from the Counterculturalist movements in the 1960's, these trends towards open access to information climaxed during the early 1990s. Individuals, such as those found at the Computer, Freedom, and Information Conventions as well as on the online message board, the WELL, fought against information security governmental entities such as the NSA. As the NSA reevaluated its mission in the post-Cold War era, these crypto-advocates challenged the decades old monopoly the U.S. government had on encryption standards. By 1996, the pressures on the U.S. government made by these crypto-advocates as well as by private industry opened up the government's monopoly on cryptography.Item Harlem in Black and White: Mapping Race and Place in the 1920s(Sage, 2013-09) Robertson, Stephen; White, Shane; Garton, Stephen